A recent article in the Washington Post titled "Texas Officials: Schools should teach that slavery was 'side issue to Civil......
US history etiketine sahip kayıtlar gösteriliyor. Tüm kayıtları göster
US history etiketine sahip kayıtlar gösteriliyor. Tüm kayıtları göster
24 Şubat 2017 Cuma
24 Ekim 2016 Pazartesi
George Washington's Legacy - Not What People Think
18th century
2016
2016 election
American Revolution
Federalism
Hamilton
Jeffersoniasm
US history
washington
Whiskey Rebellion
Tarihçi
Comment
2016 has been an acrimonious year election-wise in the United States and I've noticed a trend in this particular election......
19 Şubat 2013 Salı
Spanish American War Timeline Using Primary Sources
American History
group work
imperialism
lesson plan
spanish american war
US history
worksheet.
world history
Tarihçi
Comment
Our newest lesson covers the "splendid little war" known as the Spanish American War. Although brief, this war is essential......
13 Şubat 2013 Çarşamba
"Uncle Wiggle Wings - The Candy Bomber " Berlin Airlift & Communism Story
American History
berlin airlift
Cold War
Germany
reading
US history
worksheet.
world history
Tarihçi
1 Comment
This lighthearted, heartwarming true story tells of American Air Force pilot Gail Halvorsen who flew supplies over Germany......
12 Şubat 2013 Salı
American Imperialism: World Leader or Bully?
American History
classroom activity
downloads
group work
imperialism
lesson plan
US history
worksheet.
Tarihçi
Comment
This downloadable worksheet combines several layers of Bloom's Taxonomy, including comprehension, analysis, and critical......
11 Şubat 2013 Pazartesi
Turning Paper Boxes into Picket Signs - Strikes & Labor Lesson Plan
American History
cooperative learning
group work
industrial revolution
labor unions
lesson plan
trikes
US history
Tarihçi
Comment
In this creative cooperative learning activity, students create picket signs from old paper boxes that tell the story of......
8 Şubat 2013 Cuma
Last Japanese Soldier to Surrender in World War II
One of my favorite stories from history is that of Hiroo Onoda, a Japanese intelligence officer in World War II who was......
28 Ocak 2013 Pazartesi
World War II Keynote Presentation
Although I use my school/work computer for most lessons in the classroom, sometimes I want to create a more visually dynamic......
21 Ocak 2013 Pazartesi
Gilded Age Robber Barons
American History
carnegie
Gilded Age
immigration
robber barons
rockefeller
US history
vanderbilt
Tarihçi
Comment
One topic from US History that has a particular resonance to today is the Gilded Age. The disparity between rich and poor......
15 Ocak 2013 Salı
Stetson Kennedy Vs. the KKK
I read the great book Freakonomics a few years ago and found that a lot of it would be great to use in the classroom. One......
18 Aralık 2012 Salı
Civil War Wanted Poster & Plaque
battles
Civil War
classroom activity
confederacy
downloads
harriet tubman
people
robert e. lee
teacher resources
ulysses s. grant
union
US history
Tarihçi
Comment
My classes are currently starting the Civil War and some students have had a difficult time seeing two "different Americas"......
16 Aralık 2012 Pazar
Animated Battle of Antietam Map
battles
Civil War
classroom activity
multimedia
teacher resources
US history
video
web links
Tarihçi
Comment
The Civil War Preservation trust has a lot of incredible resources for helping teachers cover the Civil War. This includes iPad,......
11 Aralık 2012 Salı
American History Vocabulary Football League
American Revolution
classroom activity
Early American History
lesson plan
quizzes
US history
vfl
vocabulary
vocabulary football league
world war II
Tarihçi
Comment
One of the most important parts of teaching history is helping students to learn vocabulary. However, many of my students......
10 Aralık 2012 Pazartesi
Essential Knowledge of the Civil War
Many of my high school students have limited English proficiency and lack the background knowledge that comes with attending......
6 Aralık 2012 Perşembe
World War II Service Plaques for Navajo Code Talkers, Tuskegee Airmen, Rosie the Riveter, & Nisei Soldiers
classroom activity
downloads
lesson plan
navajo code talkers
rosie the riveter
teacher resources
tuskegee airmen
US history
world history
world war II
Tarihçi
Comment
This downloadable creative, fun activity for World and American History classes has students reading short, one page stories......
28 Kasım 2012 Çarşamba
100 Warm Ups from US History
One of the best classroom management strategies I have found is to have a warm up activity ready for students immediately......
25 Kasım 2012 Pazar
Video on the American Revolution
This was the 2nd video Students of History produced and features 3 more high school students explaining essential state and Common Core Standards in American History. This episode focuses on the American Revolution - why it happened, key events, and the results. Again, it was written and narrated entirely by students - in a way the "flipped classroom" model, but in a more fully developed way.
Enjoy!
Enjoy!
The Early American Colonies Video
Here is one of our first Students of History videos! This one covers the early American colonies. The video was written and narrated entirely by high school students. The concept of the "flipped classroom" is that if students watch videos like this at home before coming to class, it leaves more class time for questions, debate, and higher level discussion. We also believe that sometimes students can better explain topics to their peers better than historians, authors, or even teachers.
Hope you enjoy it and please let us know in the comment section if you have any feedback!
24 Mart 2011 Perşembe
War of 1812 – Reflections on a Legacy
It is March of 2011 – currently making news around the nation is the hundred and fifty year anniversary of the wave of secessions that sparked the outbreak of the American Civil War – you can fully expect over the next few years to have a regular wave of commentary and news stories about reenactments of the US Civil War, the major events and battles of the Civil War being hashed out again, and of course controversy about the meaning of the US Civil War and the conduct of its key leaders on both sides. All well and fitting, a good dialogue about the US Civil War will be useful and 2012 – 2015 does neatly fall into that one hundred and fifty year mark, I look forward to commemorative currency releases and modified US currency by private mints – perhaps will see a re-release of Confederate paper money, a fun collectible of many years. However amidst the wave of excitement over the anniversary of the US Civil War the bicentennial of another, just as critical, US war is being drowned out, the bicentennial of the War of 1812. There are some local commemorative events being planned, the City of Niagara Falls is putting forward a major commemorative tourist initiative for example, but nationally this is a war which the US has semi-forgotten, which is not surprising considering the conduct of the war but also sad because of its incredible importance in shaping our modern nation.
First off the name of the War of 1812 is an odd one – think about it for a moment, most US wars are named after the antagonists in the war or in the case of multi-combatant wars a catchy summary name is given. World War I (formally the Great War) and World War II, Korea, Vietnam, the War with Mexico, the Spanish-American War, names that mark with whom we fought or signifying a major engagement. The War of 1812 we have a date, you have to dig just to find out with whom we went to war. A more proper, but less tongue rolling name, would be the Second Anglo-American War, this was a conflict between the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain over a series of unresolved issues from the First Anglo-American War (also known as the American Revolution.) Of particular import for the newly fledged United States was the impact of policies by the British government upon US shipping – the British navy regularly searched and boarded US ships and seized sailors for service in the British navy, under the argument that said sailors were escaped British seaman being returned to their legal duty. (Often, honestly, they were not and the British navy was just filling its voracious appetite for sailors.) There were issues regarding the presence of British military forces in territory that was supposed to have been fully turned over to the United States after 1783 – forces in the upper portions of the modern Midwest that threatened to undermine US political control of the region. Great Britain was also channeling weapons to native tribes in the area as well, fomenting resistance to the rule of the United States over its newly acquired territories.
But this war came in the midst of a period of overall major changes for the United States and it helped redefine how our nation handled itself and it represented some incredibly close calls for the United State as a nation – some historians have called it the Second American Revolution and in many ways their catchy label is a valid one. During this war the United States faced serious internal divisions over the war, politically waging it was a charged issue and many in the United States felt disconnected from the war, especially in the (at the time) populous and economically important New England states. This discontent led to a threatened secession by many of the New England states in 1815, the news of the signing of the treaty ending the war forestalled what might have lead to a collapse of the United States as a nation in 1815. From 1812 to 1815 the United States saw serious armed invasions on its shores, including in 1814 a major assault upon the territory of the United States from three directions – through upper New York southwards, along the coast line against Washington D.C. and against Baltimore, MD, and from the south against New Orleans. In fact the capital itself was burned by the British after their successful routing of US military forces protecting the capital, an event that scattered the national government and put local authority in control of the war effort temporarily.
The War of 1812 also is filled with stirring stories as well – such as the defense of the Great Lakes by a US admiral commanding a fleet of ships built on-location and defeating the British Navy on station on the lakes, a victory critical to the future economic development of the United States. All the commerce that flows along the Great Lakes today, including through the St. Lawrence canal to the Atlantic Ocean, all of that is because the United States gained control of the Great Lakes. The War of 1812 also shifted the United States away from the ideal of a decentralized nation with a minimal federal government to one in which the central government had more authority, more resources, and more power. It even profoundly impacted how the United States addressed issues of national defense and the role of the military.
Over the next few months I’ll be writing a series of posts on this war – both its impact and some of the major interesting events that occurred during the War of 1812 – in the hopes of bringing people’s awareness of it up.
First off the name of the War of 1812 is an odd one – think about it for a moment, most US wars are named after the antagonists in the war or in the case of multi-combatant wars a catchy summary name is given. World War I (formally the Great War) and World War II, Korea, Vietnam, the War with Mexico, the Spanish-American War, names that mark with whom we fought or signifying a major engagement. The War of 1812 we have a date, you have to dig just to find out with whom we went to war. A more proper, but less tongue rolling name, would be the Second Anglo-American War, this was a conflict between the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain over a series of unresolved issues from the First Anglo-American War (also known as the American Revolution.) Of particular import for the newly fledged United States was the impact of policies by the British government upon US shipping – the British navy regularly searched and boarded US ships and seized sailors for service in the British navy, under the argument that said sailors were escaped British seaman being returned to their legal duty. (Often, honestly, they were not and the British navy was just filling its voracious appetite for sailors.) There were issues regarding the presence of British military forces in territory that was supposed to have been fully turned over to the United States after 1783 – forces in the upper portions of the modern Midwest that threatened to undermine US political control of the region. Great Britain was also channeling weapons to native tribes in the area as well, fomenting resistance to the rule of the United States over its newly acquired territories.
But this war came in the midst of a period of overall major changes for the United States and it helped redefine how our nation handled itself and it represented some incredibly close calls for the United State as a nation – some historians have called it the Second American Revolution and in many ways their catchy label is a valid one. During this war the United States faced serious internal divisions over the war, politically waging it was a charged issue and many in the United States felt disconnected from the war, especially in the (at the time) populous and economically important New England states. This discontent led to a threatened secession by many of the New England states in 1815, the news of the signing of the treaty ending the war forestalled what might have lead to a collapse of the United States as a nation in 1815. From 1812 to 1815 the United States saw serious armed invasions on its shores, including in 1814 a major assault upon the territory of the United States from three directions – through upper New York southwards, along the coast line against Washington D.C. and against Baltimore, MD, and from the south against New Orleans. In fact the capital itself was burned by the British after their successful routing of US military forces protecting the capital, an event that scattered the national government and put local authority in control of the war effort temporarily.
The War of 1812 also is filled with stirring stories as well – such as the defense of the Great Lakes by a US admiral commanding a fleet of ships built on-location and defeating the British Navy on station on the lakes, a victory critical to the future economic development of the United States. All the commerce that flows along the Great Lakes today, including through the St. Lawrence canal to the Atlantic Ocean, all of that is because the United States gained control of the Great Lakes. The War of 1812 also shifted the United States away from the ideal of a decentralized nation with a minimal federal government to one in which the central government had more authority, more resources, and more power. It even profoundly impacted how the United States addressed issues of national defense and the role of the military.
Over the next few months I’ll be writing a series of posts on this war – both its impact and some of the major interesting events that occurred during the War of 1812 – in the hopes of bringing people’s awareness of it up.
22 Eylül 2010 Çarşamba
Overheard Misuse of History – Opinion
19th century
Economic Policy
Excise Tax
Import Tax
Opinion
Tarriff
Tax Policy
US history
Tarihçi
Comment
Yesterday while walking around the city I overheard two young students engaged in a debate over their ideal visions of the role of the US government in the lives of its individual citizens. What struck me in this classic debate was the comment made by one student, a young man dressed in sweat pants, sweat shirt, and ball cap, that in his ideal vision of the United States: “the federal government would let me live my life they way I wanted to live it, let me do what I wanted, like in the 19th century, before the US government became all Socialist in the 20th century.” It is a rare moment in my life when I want to walk up to a fellow human being and smack them on the nose with a rolled up newspaper while exclaiming “Bad human, tell me who taught you this drivel so that I may strike them as well.”
The problem with this young man’s outlook on the role of the federal government in the 19th century is that it is, quite simply, incorrect on many levels. First off there is no ideal period in the 19th century in which the US government on a federal level did not pass legislation that directly impacted or curtailed elements of an individual citizens “freedoms” – doubly so if that citizen was from a minority segment of the population or female in gender. A simple examination of the major ideological battles of this period refutes the young man’s argument, the controversy over slavery, in fact the very institution of slavery, negates the idea of minimal federal involvement in the lives of individual citizens. (For example the admission of new states to the Union was fraught with controversy and federal action to maintain the Free/Slave balance of power.) The institution of the National Bank of the United States, in its various incarnations, was seen as a direct force intervening in the daily lives of citizens across the nation and was directly linked to the US federal government.
Even the “golden” period of non-intervention in private lives by the federal government from the late 1860s through the 1890s, the Gilded Age, actually featured regular federal statues regulating immigration, interstate commerce, and direct intervention by the federal government in numerous labor disputes and moments of civil insurrection. In fact this period featured a US effort to suppress anarchists movements and insurrections throughout the United States, as well as federal regulations prohibiting the distribution of pornographic or dangerous materials through the US mail system, a direct assault on freedom of speech and publication by the federal government. (To remind people this was the period in which the US government directly prohibited the distribution of educational material on contraception and the distribution of contraceptive devices through the US mail.)
Never mind the fact that the period of late 1860s through the 1880s was also the height of Reconstruction, a period of incredible direct intervention by the federal government in the lives of southern US citizens. When Reconstruction ended the Progressive movement was gaining influence among the citizens of the United States, leading to reformist (or probably for this young man “Socialist”) legislation such as the various Anti-Trust Acts, Food and Drug Purity Acts, and regulations to curb the abuses of industry throughout the United States.
But from other comments that I overheard this young man making I quickly gathered that his comment centered upon the institution of federal income tax, collected by the federal government and redistributed/spent by the federal government. This young man wished to return to period when the US government did not directly tax the personal income of its citizens, and in that regard he is mostly correct. Efforts by the federal government to impose an income tax in the 1860s to finance the Civil War were ended in 1872 and future efforts to impose federal income tax in the 1880s through the 1910s were blocked by the Congress or the Supreme Court, on the grounds the power to impose such taxes was not Constitutionally permitted to the federal government. This argument ended in 1913 with the ratification of the 16th amendment.
But this young man fails, in his understanding of history, to understand the system by which the US government raised revenue from the 1860s through the 1910s, excise taxes and import tariffs. Excise taxes are taxes imposed upon the consumption of items by private citizens and import tariffs are taxes imposed upon items imported into a nation that are manufactured abroad. Import tariffs are particularly critical to this equation because they artificially raised the cost of imported items that were cheaper to manufacture then US domestically produced items to give US produced items an artificial market parity or even edge over cheaper foreign imports. What this meant was that the federal governments tax structure directly impacted your fiscal freedom in the 19th century in a manner incomprehensible to most modern Americans – imagine going to a store and finding that each pair of shoes, made in the US or abroad, cost roughly the same amount. No competitive forces to lower costs and allow your money to go to the most efficient producer, instead efficiency in manufacture is not rewarded, the ability to bribe legislatures to impose duties is rewarded. This issue was highly controversial in the 19th century and remains highly controversial today. Excise taxes hold the same bane today, we argue about taxes on cigarettes and alcohol, in the 19th century citizens argued about taxes on recreational facilities, chewing gum, and heavy taxes on alcohol. As well in the 19th century it was felt that excise taxes and high import tariffs hurt the poorer members of our citizen base more then the rich and a fairer system of revenue collection was needed.
What our young man sought was a system that simply did not exist in the 19th century and, honestly, has never existed in US history. The nature of personal intervention into average citizens lives held by the US government has changed over the last two centuries, as well as the level of direct intervention, but there has been no time in which the hand of the federal government of the United States has not directly touched some or all of its governed population.
Source: US Treasury Department Fact Sheet on Income Tax History
The problem with this young man’s outlook on the role of the federal government in the 19th century is that it is, quite simply, incorrect on many levels. First off there is no ideal period in the 19th century in which the US government on a federal level did not pass legislation that directly impacted or curtailed elements of an individual citizens “freedoms” – doubly so if that citizen was from a minority segment of the population or female in gender. A simple examination of the major ideological battles of this period refutes the young man’s argument, the controversy over slavery, in fact the very institution of slavery, negates the idea of minimal federal involvement in the lives of individual citizens. (For example the admission of new states to the Union was fraught with controversy and federal action to maintain the Free/Slave balance of power.) The institution of the National Bank of the United States, in its various incarnations, was seen as a direct force intervening in the daily lives of citizens across the nation and was directly linked to the US federal government.
Even the “golden” period of non-intervention in private lives by the federal government from the late 1860s through the 1890s, the Gilded Age, actually featured regular federal statues regulating immigration, interstate commerce, and direct intervention by the federal government in numerous labor disputes and moments of civil insurrection. In fact this period featured a US effort to suppress anarchists movements and insurrections throughout the United States, as well as federal regulations prohibiting the distribution of pornographic or dangerous materials through the US mail system, a direct assault on freedom of speech and publication by the federal government. (To remind people this was the period in which the US government directly prohibited the distribution of educational material on contraception and the distribution of contraceptive devices through the US mail.)
Never mind the fact that the period of late 1860s through the 1880s was also the height of Reconstruction, a period of incredible direct intervention by the federal government in the lives of southern US citizens. When Reconstruction ended the Progressive movement was gaining influence among the citizens of the United States, leading to reformist (or probably for this young man “Socialist”) legislation such as the various Anti-Trust Acts, Food and Drug Purity Acts, and regulations to curb the abuses of industry throughout the United States.
But from other comments that I overheard this young man making I quickly gathered that his comment centered upon the institution of federal income tax, collected by the federal government and redistributed/spent by the federal government. This young man wished to return to period when the US government did not directly tax the personal income of its citizens, and in that regard he is mostly correct. Efforts by the federal government to impose an income tax in the 1860s to finance the Civil War were ended in 1872 and future efforts to impose federal income tax in the 1880s through the 1910s were blocked by the Congress or the Supreme Court, on the grounds the power to impose such taxes was not Constitutionally permitted to the federal government. This argument ended in 1913 with the ratification of the 16th amendment.
But this young man fails, in his understanding of history, to understand the system by which the US government raised revenue from the 1860s through the 1910s, excise taxes and import tariffs. Excise taxes are taxes imposed upon the consumption of items by private citizens and import tariffs are taxes imposed upon items imported into a nation that are manufactured abroad. Import tariffs are particularly critical to this equation because they artificially raised the cost of imported items that were cheaper to manufacture then US domestically produced items to give US produced items an artificial market parity or even edge over cheaper foreign imports. What this meant was that the federal governments tax structure directly impacted your fiscal freedom in the 19th century in a manner incomprehensible to most modern Americans – imagine going to a store and finding that each pair of shoes, made in the US or abroad, cost roughly the same amount. No competitive forces to lower costs and allow your money to go to the most efficient producer, instead efficiency in manufacture is not rewarded, the ability to bribe legislatures to impose duties is rewarded. This issue was highly controversial in the 19th century and remains highly controversial today. Excise taxes hold the same bane today, we argue about taxes on cigarettes and alcohol, in the 19th century citizens argued about taxes on recreational facilities, chewing gum, and heavy taxes on alcohol. As well in the 19th century it was felt that excise taxes and high import tariffs hurt the poorer members of our citizen base more then the rich and a fairer system of revenue collection was needed.
What our young man sought was a system that simply did not exist in the 19th century and, honestly, has never existed in US history. The nature of personal intervention into average citizens lives held by the US government has changed over the last two centuries, as well as the level of direct intervention, but there has been no time in which the hand of the federal government of the United States has not directly touched some or all of its governed population.
Source: US Treasury Department Fact Sheet on Income Tax History